Development of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)-Based Science Learning Devices to Improve Critical Thinking and Problem Solving Skills in Elementary School Students
Abstract
This research focuses on developing science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM)-based learning tools for fourth-grade elementary school students in science subjects. The purpose of this research is to improve students' critical thinking skills and problem-solving through the use of STEM-based learning tools. The research and development design in this study used an adaptation of the Dick and Carey development model, field trials with a one-group pretest-posttest design. Data collection techniques through observation, questionnaires, and tests. Data analysis techniques to determine the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of learning devices are descriptive qualitative with Aiken's V content validity coefficient techniques and percentage techniques. The results of the quality of learning device products in the validity aspect mostly achieve a value of V = 0.83 - 1 on each item measured so that it can be concluded that the product is very valid and feasible to use. The quality of developing products based on practical aspects includes the implementation of learning steps by teachers and students which reach 89.5% and 87.3% with very well-implemented categories, the quality of product development based on aspects of effectiveness is based on an increase in students' critical thinking skills and problem-solving. The results of the data analysis showed that there was a significant increase in students' posttest results after participating in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM)-based science learning compared to pretest results before learning. Includes an increase in classical mastery of learning outcomes from 25% to 82.14%. This means there are significant differences in students' critical thinking skills and problem-solving after participating in learning by applying science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM)-based science learning tools.
Keywords:. STEM, critical thinking, problem solving
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