The Effect of The Diorama Media-Assisted Core Type Operative Learning Model on Student Learning Outcomes

This study aims to determine the effect of the CORE type cooperative learning model assisted by diorama media on learning outcomes in hydrofer material at SMA Negri 5 Banda Aceh. This type of research is Quasi Experimental Design. The population of this study were all students of class X IS SMA Negeri 5 Banda Aceh. Sampling was done by purposive sampling technique, taken from class X IS 3 (experimental class) of 29 students and class X IS 2 (control class) of 29 students. Data collection techniques by giving tests to students, namely pre-test and post-test. Data processing techniques using the t test. The results of data processing obtained tcount = 5.12 and ttable = 1.67. According to the test criteria, Ha is accepted if tcount > ttable at a significance level of 5% and dk = (n1 + n2 – 2). Based on the calculation results obtained tcount > ttable or 5.12 > 1.67 it can be stated that Ha is accepted, so it can be concluded that there is an influence of the CORE type cooperative learning model assisted by diorama media on learning outcomes in SMA Negeri 5 Banda Aceh.


INTRODUCTION
Education is a conscious planned effort for students to actively develop their potential to have religious spiritual strength, self-control, personality, intelligence, noble morals and skills needed by themselves.Education is also used as one of the important aspects and used as a benchmark for the progress of a country, through good education can produce quality human resources (Murniati, 2020: 116).
The quality of education is a problem that is often faced in the world of education, this is due to the learning process that is still not effective.Teachers have a very important role in improving the quality of education.In teaching and learning activities, teachers are expected to create a pleasant and efficient learning situation in accordance with the subject matter of the learning material taught.Improving the quality of education in schools can be achieved in various ways, one of which is by improving the quality of learning, namely by applying an attractive learning model in order to achieve a learning goal.
Seeing the current learning conditions, teachers are highly required to have new skills or innovations in presenting the learning process, both through the use of models, approaches and learning methods that are able to foster interest and motivation in students to follow learning in class.Teachers are not only required to provide information to students to find or get new information outside the classroom learning process at school (Sriwahyuni, 2016: 2).
Interesting and suitable learning models can be chosen by teachers to improve student learning outcomes.With the existence of learning models, it is hoped that there will be good changes to student learning outcomes.The learning model is a pattern that describes the sequence or flow, the overall stages which are generally accompanied by a series of learning activities.The stages of a particular learning model clearly show what activities must be carried out by teachers and students (Lefudin, 2017: 174).
There are many innovative learning models that can be applied in the learning process.One of them is the CORE type cooperative learning model (Connetting, Organizing, Reflecting, Extending), which is active and multidirectional student-oriented learning.Calfee in (Pramita, 2015: 103) suggests that the CORE learning model is a model where the way discussions can influence the development of knowledge and connect old information with new information, organize a number of varied materials, reflect everything students learn and develop a learning environment.In the CORE learning model, there are also elements of expressing opinions, questions and answers between students and providing refutations.The CORE learning model has four stages, namely connecting (Connetting), organizing (Organizing) new knowledge with old knowledge then rethinking the concepts learned (Reflecting) and expected students to expand their knowledge during the learning process (Extending).Indirectly, in the CORE learning model, students are invited to learn to increase the knowledge they already have, foster student curiosity.
Based on the results of initial observations at SMA Negeri 5 Banda Aceh on May 20, 2022, information was obtained that students' mastery of geography learning materials is still relatively low, there are still many students whose scores have not reached KKM (Minimum Completeness Criteria).
The KKM set at SMA Negeri 5 class X is 70.This is evidenced by the learning outcomes of grade X IS 2 students from 30 students who participated in the initial research activity, there were 15 students who were declared incomplete, the test results showed the lowest score of 30 and the highest score of 70.
The learning that has taken place so far is that teachers have used learning models but are still rarely applied.Teachers more often use learning models that are dominated by lecture / expository methods, which are methods that are still teacher-centered.There are also some geography materials that are abstract or cannot be seen directly so that they are difficult for students to understand.The level of thinking of students is still at a low level, they have not been able to absorb abstract things.Geography is considered still abstract by students, because students recognize geography as a science that is still theoretical and in practice is still rote.
Responding to these problems, efforts need to be made to increase the use of student understanding in geography lessons.The presentation of learning in accordance with the characteristics of geography lessons that can help direct students to explore their potential.An effort that can be made is to apply the CORE type cooperative learning model .To support this CORE type cooperative learning model assisted by learning media using dioramas.Media diorama is an artificial scene of an object complete with something around it, the whole is made smaller than the original shape.Dioramas are usually used to describe events or a process so that those who see can be interested in understanding the contents contained in them (Niswah 2018: 10).Samuhan, (2017: 56) Conducted a research entitled on the influence of the CORE type learning model on student learning outcomes in geography learning on hydrosphere material.Based on the results of his research, there is a significant difference between student learning outcomes in classes using the CORE learning model with the direct learning modelIn student learning outcomes, the CORE learning model is higher with an average score of 19.23 compared to the direct learning model with an average score of 17.
Referring to previous research, which states that the CORE learning model can improve student learning outcomes.So researchers are interested in conducting a similar study entitled "The Effect of the CORE Type Cooperative Learning Model Assisted by Media Diorama on Student Learning Outcomes at SMA Negeri 5 Banda Aceh"

RESEACRH METHOD
This study used a quantitative approach.The type of research used is experimental research.This type of experimental research is quasi-experimental design.This research was carried out at State High School 5 Banda Aceh in the even semester of the 2023/2024 academic year.The inner population is all class X IS students at SMA Negeri 5 Banda Aceh consisting of 4 totaling 93 students.The sample of this study was class X IS 3 29 students as an experimental class and class X IS 2 29 students as a control class.
The sampling technique is purposive sampling.To find out whether there is an effect of the treatment given, tests are given when conducting experiments.The test in the study was in the form of 20-point multiple-choice questions given in both classes.First validated then shared when conducting pre-test and post-test.The validity of this research instrument uses the product moment correlation formula proposed by (Sugiyono, 2017: 228) as follows: Proposition of the subject answering the item incorrectly (q = 1-p) ∑pq = Number of multiplication results between p and q k = Number of question items   = Total variance An instrument is said to be reliable if the value of the reliability coefficient is greater than or equal to the table r (r ≥ rt).
Documentation is a data collection technique by collecting and analyzing documents, both written, image, and electronic documents.Data analysis technique is an activity carried out to conclude the results of research after data is obtained from all respondents collected.

Initial Capability Analysis
The initial ability analysis aims to determine the initial ability of students from both research classes who were given a pre-test first at the beginning of the meeting before being given treatment.The pre-test value can first be tested with ANOVA statistics as follows: Keterangan: Fh = Fcount MK ant = Mean kuadrat antar kelompok MK dal = Mean kuadrat dalam kelompok Furthermore, after comparing the value of Fcalculate with Ftabel at the level of significance of 5%, the provision for testing the hypothesis is that if the value of Fcalculate < Ftable, Ho is accepted and Ha is rejected, on the other hand, if the value of Fcalculate ≥ Ftable, Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted (Sugiyono, 2017).

Normality Test
The normality test uses Chi Squared statistics proposed by (Sugiyono 2017: 107) as follows: ( ) The value of x2 count is then compared with x2count for a significance level of 5%, with the test criterion being Ho accepted or normally distributed if x2count < x2table then Ho is accepted and Ha is rejected, and if x2count is ≥ x2table then Ho is rejected Ha is accepted.If Ho accepted means that the post-test data is normally distributed (Sugiyono, 2017).

Test the hypothesis
A hypothesis is a provisional assumption that must be proven.Hypothesis testing uses the ttest model separated variant formula , namely parametric statistics according to (Sugiyono 2017: 122) as follows: = number of respondents in the experimental class  2 = number of respondents in the control class The test carried out is a one-party test, namely (the right party).In this connection (Sugiyono 2017: 103) states that the applicable test criteria are: "Accept Ha if tcalculate > ttabel and accept Ho if tcalculate ≤ ttabel at the significance level of 5% and dk = (n1 + n2 -2)".

Research Location
Location of SMA Negeri 5 Banda Aeh Astronomically located at 5º34ʹ30ʹʹ LU-5º34ʹ35ʹʹ LU and 95º21ʹ78ʹʹ BT-95º22ʹ5ʹʹ BT.While geographically, the location of SMA Negeri 5 Banda Aceh is in Gampong Kopelma Darussalam with the following boundaries: 1.The north side is bordered by the Ali Hasimy Auditorium 2. The south side is bordered by UPT Printing USK 3. The east is bordered by the USK Lecturer housing complex 4. The west side is bordered by SMP Negeri 8 Banda Aceh    ² = 0,56 + 0,961 + 0,758+ 0,36+ 0,00+3,65 = 6,29 Based on the results of the calculation above, a value is obtained ²count = 6,29.To a significant degree 5% and dk = K -1 = 6 -1 = 5, then searched on the chi-squared table obtained ²tabel = 11,070.The calculation result is obtained value ²count < ²tabel or 6,29 < 11,070 then the control class data is normally distributed.

Homogeneity Test
The homogeneity test is carried out to determine whether the sample studied is homogeneous or not by comparing the two groups of variances.Based on the results of calculating the above variance, it is obtained Fcount = 1,00 While value Ftabel = 1,87 with dk = 29 -1 = 28.In accordance with the results of the above results, Fcount ≤ Ftabel atau 1,00 ≤ 1,87 so that the H0 result is accepted and it can be concluded that the post-test data of the experimental class and the control class have the same variant.

Test the hypothesis
The data that has been obtained is then processed using a t-test.Testing this hypothesis is done to find out whether the post-test values are relatively the same or different.Once obtained tcount, then further compared to ttable at DK (N1+N2-2) or (29+29-2 =56) with odds (1-α) or (1-0.05=0.95).By the test criterion is accept H0 if tcount ≤ ttabel and accept Ha if tcount > ttabel to a significant degree 5%.From the calculation results obtained tcount = 5,12 while ttabel = 1,67.Then results are obtained tcount > ttabel atau 5,12 > 1,67 mean Ha accepted dan H0 rejected.
Based on the normality and homogeneity test shows that both classes are normally distributed and homogeneous, so it can proceed to prove the hypothesis.Test the hypothesis obtained value t count = 5,12 with value ttabel At the significant level α = 0.05 (one-party test) with dk = n1 + n2 -2 = 56 is 1.67 Furthermore, the calculation results show that the value tcount = 5,12 ≥ nilai ttabel = 1,67, so H0 accepted and Ha rejected.

Discussion
This research was conducted at SMA Negeri 5 Banda Aceh which is a type of experimental research that examines directly to schools to see the effect of the diorama media-assisted CORE type cooperative learning model on student learning outcomes.This study used two classes, namely the experimental class and the control class.The experimental class was given a diorama media-assisted CORE type cooperative learning model and the control class was given a PPT media-assisted CORE type cooperative learning model .Before the learning process is carried out, first provide pre-test questions to see the initial ability of students.The next step is that the pre-test data obtained is processed using the ANOVA test.The test results prove that the initial ability between the experimental class and the control class is the same.
The next step is to give treatment to the experimental class and the control class.Then give material to both experimental and control classes twice meetings then at the end of the meeting are given post-test questions which aim to see the results of student learning on the material that has been delivered.The post-test data were then tested for normality and homogeneity.Based on the normality and homogeneity test shows that both classes are normally distributed and homogeneous, so it can proceed to prove the hypothesis using the hypothesis test.
The results of the calculations that have been carried out can be explained from the average results that there are differences in student learning outcomes taught using the diorama mediaassisted CORE learning model and the PPT media-assisted CORE learning model.Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the learning outcomes of students taught using the diorama media-assisted CORE type cooperative learning model are better than the learning outcomes of students taught with the PPT media-assisted CORE model in class X geography subjects of SMA Negeri 5 Banda Aceh.
The results of this study are supported by previous research conducted by Astari et al, (2020) Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that there is an influence of the CORE learning model on student learning outcomes.It can be seen from the high learning outcomes using the CORE learning model that students are more interested in participating in learning.This shows how the influence of the CORE learning model on student learning outcomes compared to direct or conventional learning.
Another study that supports this research is conducted by Hidayati, (2017: 34) with the same media showing that in the results of calculations and data analysis obtained, it is concluded that the learning outcomes of students who do learning using diorama media are better than the learning outcomes of students who do learning without using diorama media in Science subjects.
The use of learning models in delivering learning materials can create an interesting, fun learning atmosphere and make students more interested in following the learning process and using diorama media can help teachers to show abstract forms to appear real on a small scale and easy to understand.Based on the results of this study and several previous studies, it can be concluded that the use of the diorama media-assisted CORE type cooperative learning model affects student learning outcomes.

CONCLUSION
The conclusions that can be drawn from the results of research and discussion in this study show that there is an influence of the diorama media-assisted CORE type cooperative learning model on student learning outcomes at SMA Negeri 5 Banda Aceh.This can be seen from testing the hypothesis using the t-test obtained tcount value = 5.12 with ttable value at a significant level α = 0.05 (one-party test) with dk = n1 + n2 -2 = 56 is 1.67 furthermore, the calculation results show that the calculated value = 5.12 ≥ ttable value = 1.67, then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted.So it can be concluded that there is an influence on the use of the CORE type cooperative learning model assisted by diorama media and can improve learning outcomes, so that this learning model and media can be used as an alternative that can be applied in the learning process that can improve the learning outcomes of grade X IS SMA Negeri 5 Banda Aceh students.
Correlation coefficient between X and Y N = Number of respondents ∑XY = Number of multiplications between X and Y ∑X = Number of correct answers per question ∑Y = Correct answer for each respondent ∑X² = The sum of squares of the correct answers to each question ∑Y² = The sum of squares of each respondent's correct answersValue test criteria If the calculated r value is greater than the table r (rh > rt), then the item is valid.The reliability test in this study uses the KR 20 formula as follows: reliability coefficient p = Subject proposition that answers the item correctly q =

2 = 2 =
or calculated  ̅ 1 = Average experimental class score  ̅ 2 = Average value of the control class  1 Experimental class variance  2 Control class variance  1

Table 1 .
Normality Test of Data Distribution Experimental Class (X IS 3)Based on the results of the calculation above, a ²calculated value = 5.85 was obtained at a significant level of 5% and dk = K-1 = 6-1 = 5, then searched for in the chi-squared table obtained table = ² 11.070.The calculation results obtained a ²calculated value < ²the table or 5.85 < 11.070 then the experimental class data is normally distributed.

Table 2 .
Normality Test of Data Distribution on Control KelaS (X IS 2)